2020年/01月/09日

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测试SpringMvc

在没有Boot的年代

加入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
    <version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
    <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
    <version>${assertj.version}</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
    <version>${mockito.version}</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-junit-jupiter</artifactId>
    <version>${mockito.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
    <artifactId>hamcrest</artifactId>
    <version>${hamcrest.version}</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>


import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.given;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.web.SpringJUnitWebConfig;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;


@SpringJUnitWebConfig(locations = {"classpath:spring/mvc-core-config.xml", "classpath:spring/mvc-test-config.xml"})
class Test {

    @Autowired
    private VisitController visitController;

    @Autowired
    private ClinicService clinicService;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @BeforeEach
    void setup() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(visitController).build();

        given(this.clinicService.findPetById(TEST_PET_ID)).willReturn(new Pet());
    }

    @Test
    void testInitNewVisitForm() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/owners/*/pets/{petId}/visits/new", TEST_PET_ID))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(view().name("pets/createOrUpdateVisitForm"));
    }
}

Controller注入之后，通过MockMvcBuilders类进行mock

Service注入之后，通过mockito框架来mock

有了Boot

加入测试包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

直接启动容器用RestTemplate进行测试

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class HttpRequestTest {

  @LocalServerPort
  private int port;

  @Autowired
  private TestRestTemplate restTemplate;

  @Test
  public void greetingShouldReturnDefaultMessage() throws Exception {
    assertThat(this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:" + port + "/",
        String.class)).contains("Hello World");
  }
}

也可以不启动容器

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class ApplicationTest {

  @Autowired
  private MockMvc mockMvc;

  @Test
  public void shouldReturnDefaultMessage() throws Exception {
    this.mockMvc.perform(get("/")).andDo(print()).andExpect(status().isOk())
        .andExpect(content().string(containsString("Hello World")));
  }
}

可以指定Controller

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(HomeController.class)
public class HomeControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Test
    public void testHome() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/"))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(view().name("index"));
    }

}

如果Controller里有Service, 也用mockito

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(GreetingController.class)
public class WebMockTest {

  @Autowired
  private MockMvc mockMvc;

  @MockBean
  private GreetingService service;

  @Test
  public void greetingShouldReturnMessageFromService() throws Exception {
    when(service.greet()).thenReturn("Hello Mock");
    this.mockMvc.perform(get("/greeting")).andDo(print()).andExpect(status().isOk())
        .andExpect(content().string(containsString("Hello Mock")));
  }
}

参考